Monday, March 31, 2008

Radio Townhall

Radio Townhall

Pessoal...como temos um déficit de conservadores no Brasil, vai ai uma dica de uma rádio americana que pode se ouvir online
É a rádio do site townhall.com (nao é exatamente isso, mas é por ai).
Essa rádio tem várias transmissoras em todo o EUA e as programações podem variar um pouco de uma retransmissora para outra, seguem os links para as de Los Angeles e Denver(eu particularmente prefiro a de Los Angeles):

Denver:

Website com a programação (tem o programa do Michael Savage):

http://710knus.townhall.com/

Stream - Cole um dos endereços a seguir no "abrir URL" do seu tocador(Winamp, media player...) funciona tanto o MMS:// como o HTTP:// :

MMS://UNI1.SALEM.STREAMAUDIO.COM/KNUS_AM
http://uni1.salem.streamaudio.com/KNUS_AM?.wma
MMS://1.UNI1.SALEM.STREAMAUDIO.COM/KNUS_AM
http://1.uni1.salem.streamaudio.com/KNUS_AM?.wma
MMS://2.UNI1.SALEM.STREAMAUDIO.COM/KNUS_AM
http://2.uni1.salem.streamaudio.com/KNUS_AM?.wma

Los Angeles:

Website com a programação (tem o programa do Michael Medved):

http://krla870.townhall.com/

Stream - Cole um dos endereços a seguir no "abrir URL" do seu tocador(Winamp, media player...) funciona tanto o MMS:// como o HTTP:// :

MMS://UNI1.SALEM.STREAMAUDIO.COM/KRLA_AM
http://uni1.salem.streamaudio.com/KRLA_AM?.wma
MMS://1.UNI1.SALEM.STREAMAUDIO.COM/KRLA_AM
http://1.uni1.salem.streamaudio.com/KRLA_AM?.wma
MMS://2.UNI1.SALEM.STREAMAUDIO.COM/KRLA_AM
http://2.uni1.salem.streamaudio.com/KRLA_AM?.wma

A programação é excelente.
Para os que não são tão seguros de conseguir acompanhar em inglês, recomendo que tentem...todos os ancoras falam muito claramente.
Espero que ajude....

Sunday, March 30, 2008

As Várias Traduções do Novo Testamento

As cópias do Novo testamento se dividem em dois grupos:

1 - Manuscritos Bizantinos, ou majoritários, os quais compõe o chamado Texto Recebido (TR). Recebido dos cristãos do mundo inteiro, exceto da Alexandria do Egito e de Roma. Traduzidos para uma variedade de línguas desde 150 anos depois de Cristo, foram preservados em comunidades distintas e relativamente isoladas entre si por séculos, guardaram a fidelidade e concordância entre si. Os copistas eram muito meticulosos e cuidadosos. Representam 95% dos mais de 5000 fragmentos de cópias do Novo Testamento. Deus prometeu: Para sempre, ó Senhor, a tua palavra está firmada nos céus. Salmos 119:89. Está aí a prova!

2 - Manuscritos Alexandrinos, os quais renderam o, dito, Texto Crítico (TC). Os principais são o códice Sináiticus e o códice Vaticanus, também chamados de A ou Alef e B. Representam 5% dos mais de 5000 fragmentos de cópias do Novo Testamento. O Sináiticus foi achado nos anos após 1850 por Tischendorf. Esta é uma cópia quase completa, mas muito rabiscada. O próprio Tischendorf contou nada menos do que 14.600 alterações neste manuscrito. Não só isto. Os diferentes manuscritos do TC divergem entre si tanto quanto divergem do TR. Estes, portanto, não estão debaixo da proteção de Deus e recaem naquilo que Paulo afirma em II.Cor. 2: 17 "Porque nós não somos falsificadores da palavra de Deus, como tantos outros"; Já havia, portanto, falsificadores da palavra de Deus nos tempos dos apóstolos! Os TC´s são prova disto!

Todas as traduções da Bíblia foram feitas a partir destes dois grupos de manuscritos ou uma mistura dos dois.

A tradicional tradução de João Ferreira de Almeida (JFA) foi originalmente traduzida do TR, bem como todas as demais traduções do tempo da reforma.

A igreja católica só usa traduções dos TC´s.

Com o aumento do movimento pró-união das igrejas evangélicas (Leia-se: protestantes) com a igreja católica há também esforços para mudar o texto base de tradução das novas versões.

Até a JFA sofreu uma atualização neste sentido, por este motivo ela se chama JFA Atualizada. Todas as JFA Atualizadas e mais a JFA Contemporânea foram, umas mais, outras menos, contaminadas com os TC´s.


(...)


http://apologetic.waetech.com.br/Manuscresumo.htm

(...)


A moderna crítica textual, a qual criou o texto grego predominante nas modernas versões bíblicas, favorece ALGUNS UNCIAIS GREGOS (por exemplo, o Sinaiticus e o Vaticanus), além de um número pequeno de outros manuscritos de caráter idêntico, contra a vasta maioria dos 5.471 manuscritos gregos e lecionários existentes (Para o número de manuscritos existentes, segui “The Text of the New Testament” de Aland, 2ª. Edição, ps 102, 106, 128 e 163; além disso, acrescentei os 20 papiros adicionais listados na 4ª. Edição do Novo Testamento Grego da Bible Societies, publicação de 2001).

Escrevendo em 1883, John Burgon observou: “... especialmente o B (Vaticanus) e o Aleph (Sinaiticus) têm, nos últimos vinte anos, exercido uma tirânica ascendência sobre a imaginação dos críticos, a qual somente pode ser adequadamente classificada como cega superstição” (The Revision Revised, p. 11). A quantidade de manuscritos preferidos pelos modernos críticos textuais foi chamada por John Owen, no século 17, “A descendência espúria” , e por John Burgon, no século 19, “A pequena quantidade de documentos suspeitos” (The Revision Revised, p. 78); “pequena quantidade de documentos singularmente licenciosos” (Ibid) e “aqueles excêntrico exemplares” (The Traditional Text of the Gospels, p. 31).

A partir do descobrimento dos papiros egípcios, no século 20, o número de manuscritos alexandrinos tem aumentado; mas comparado ao vasto número que apóia o Texto Tradicional, eles ainda representam uma minoria muito insignificante e “excêntrica”, e que se contradizem amplamente entre eles mesmos.


(...)


http://www.cpr.org.br/vaticanus_e_sinaiticus.htm

8 Lessons I Learned From The Cheapest Family In The Nation

8 Lessons I Learned From The Cheapest Family In The Nation

How a family of seven is able to live on $35,000 a year after taxes.

America's Cheapest Family

I’ve read about America’s Cheapest Family in various articles and posts but haven’t really seen them in action till I caught a repackaged episode of 20/20 where they were once more featured. I cannot believe how a family of seven with children ages 10 through 21 are able to pull off living on an annual budget of $35,000. They are the aptly named Economides family from Arizona, and they are super-savers.

After watching their segment my main impression was that living that frugally indeed takes a lot of work, organization and effort, which would appear especially more challenging to the uninitiated. Some impressive facts:

  • The family paid off their house in 9 years even as their income averaged $33,000 a year. Of course, the ease of pulling this off would depend on the original cost of their home.
  • Steve Economides refers to himself as his family’s CEO or “Cheap Economizing Officer” and is a freelance graphic artist. Both he and his wife Annette operate the family business called “HomeEconomiser” which offers a Web site and newsletter for frugal living.
  • They spend $350 per month for food and disposable items covering paper goods, cleaning supplies and personal care items.
  • A freezer is a necessity to them. They devote a few days a month to cooking all their family meals then store 13 to 17 meals in the freezer each time.

From their experiences, I picked up these lessons based just on what they’ve shared in their interviews and stories. To be able to stretch those dollars hard, here’s what they did:

What America’s Cheapest Family Has Taught Me

#1 Plan. Saving a lot of money begins with serious and meticulous planning.
To save some serious money, you’ll have to start with a plan and a system that will involve developing a budget, applying a lot of resourcefulness, collecting coupons, creating a grocery list, checking and re-checking the list before going out to buy anything. You will also need to plan your menus in advance, take careful inventory of what you have in your home, and do some product and pricing research to see which items are priced best.

The Economides say that “it takes a little bit of time to sit down and plan a menu. But you eat better, you save more money, and it creates less stress in your life.”

The Economides family promotes once a month cooking; here’s a description of how it is done.

#2 Organize. Good organizational habits help you achieve successful money management.
By being more organized, you’re bound to save good money. While the cheapest family has gone on to work things out like clockwork, I’ve unfortunately lost money to being disorganized. Disorganization can cause you to end up with late payments, lost coupons, late fees, forgotten checks, and so forth. Here are some tips for becoming more organized: here’s how to organize your coupons, and your finances.

#3 Shop wisely. A super-saver is an intelligent and determined shopper.
Committed savers are those not afraid to go for the best deal. How seriously do you take your shopping? Well, getting the best prices can be a real sport. For instance, waiting for sales, negotiating for a better price, hunting for the best bargains and asking questions in pursuit of the best prices can take a level of commitment and assertiveness. Do we have it in us to save those bucks? In the midst of such a sport, I’ve seen even some tough customers fold. Yes, including myself.

#4 Communicate effectively. It’s a family project.
I was impressed at how well the Economides communicate as a couple. It is evident how both Steve and Annette complement each other well as partners in their goal to live frugally. Their ability to communicate well goes beyond the use of walkie-talkies while shopping to find the best deals in a store.

#6 Embrace teamwork. Two frugalists are better than one.
When both committed partners support each other towards a common goal, it is more likely for that goal to be achieved and success to be reached.

#5 Make sacrifices. The fruits of sacrifice do add up.
Though I’ve advocated focusing primarily on saving on the big things where the impact is greatest, the examples given by the Economides family demonstrate that small savings do add up. The actual habit of saving on smaller items became instrumental in providing the basis for their lifelong strong frugal habits. The more they saved on everything, particularly the small things, the more disciplined they became, causing a snowball effect.

Some of the tips they’ve employed: “We shopped for clothes at thrift stores and consignment shops instead of ‘the mall,’ bought used furniture, used coupons for groceries, did our own haircuts (except for Annette’s hair) and borrowed free movies from the local library.”

#7 Prioritize frugality. Simplicity and frugality are lifestyle choices.
Mastering frugality in the way the cheapest family has done so, looks like it will take time and dedication to develop. Since time is also money, and planning and being proactive about living thriftily may take some amount of time, it is up to each individual to determine how much saving money is a priority for them. How much time are you willing to spend to work on living frugally?

#8 Stay determined. Saving money takes commitment, discipline and dedication.
The cheapest family swore to never accrue any debt. They’ve decided that even the convenience of using credit cards isn’t worth it to them. They simply don’t use credit cards. Temptations abound everywhere and even as they witnessed their neighbors bring in new furniture, they didn’t give in to “keeping up with the Joneses” by going out and buying something similar:

“Choosing to avoid credit had repercussions. For instance, in the early days of our marriage, we felt discouraged when the Danish furniture truck pulled up to our apartment complex, and our next-door neighbors had beautiful new furniture delivered. Annette just sat on our $25-orange-and-brown-plaid-missionary-purchased couches and cried. Or, after six years, when we were cramped in our smaller-almost-paid-off house, while many of our friends were buying their second or third much larger houses, we sat and wondered if there was something wrong with our plan. In both situations, after a time of soul-searching, we found solace and motivation in our decision to live within our means without the use of credit.”

They are a true inspiration to all of us who want to live within or below our means. To read more about them, you can fetch their book: America’s Cheapest Family.

Other Excellent Resources On Frugality:
Tightwad Central
The Simple Living Network
America’s Cheapest Family and Home Economiser
How The Cheapest Family In America Saves Cash
My Frugal Hacks Blogroll

Image Credit: ABC News story: America’s Cheapest Family Lives Debt Free